Why are children more at risk? Children are more likely to be exposed to air pollution, because they often spend more time outdoors engaged in activity and play, and they breathe more air per pound of body weight than adults. This group also includes older adults, because they are more likely to have undiagnosed cardiovascular disease, along with people with multiple risk factors for cardiovascular disease, such as high blood pressure, elevated cholesterol, smoking, and diabetes. Not sure if the heart disease category applies to you? People with heart disease includes all people with known coronary artery disease, ischemic heart disease, history of angina and/or heart attack, stent placement, by-pass operation, heart failure, ventricular arrhythmia, peripheral vascular disease, history of stroke, transient ischemic attack (TIA), or cerebrovascular disease. People most at risk from particle pollution exposure include those with heart or lung disease (including asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease-COPD), older adults, and children. Research indicates that pregnant women, newborns, and people with certain health conditions, such as obesity or diabetes, also may be more susceptible to PM-related effects. Some people are at higher risk from PM2.5 exposure. Everyone needs to take steps to protect themselves when pollution levels are “hazardous” and above. 
Who needs to take steps to reduce exposure when PM2.5 levels are “hazardous” or above on the AQI?
These recommendations may help reduce exposure during short-term pollution episodes in which PM2.5 levels are above 500, since fine particles (PM2.5) are the primary pollutant in wildfire smoke. Links to recommendations for reducing exposure to smoke from fires are available below.Read on for more information on steps to help reduce your exposure to short episodes of high levels of PM2.5. Staying indoors – in a room or building with filtered air – and reducing your activity levels are the best ways to reduce the amount of particle pollution you breathe into your lungs.Everyone should take steps to reduce their exposure when particle pollution levels are in this range. Pollution is hazardous at these levels.AQI does not include recommendations for PM2.5 levels above 500, but levels are sometimes worse (“Beyond the AQI”).
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